The long-awaited Heathrow expansion has moved a step closer after the government won a vote on controversial plans for a third runway with 415 MPs backing the plans.

Support from Labour MPs helped push through the proposals to expand Europe’s busiest airport with an overwhelming majority of 296 in a landmark vote.

But a group of councils and campaigners against the plans are preparing to take the government to court to block the move, saying the vote will cause countless communities to experience “torrents of noise” for the first time.

John Stewart, chair of HACAN, the long-established residents’ group which has campaigned against a new runway at Heathrow for 15 years, said: “A third runway will turn peaceful areas of London and the home Counties into torrents of noise as planes pass over at a rate of one every 90 seconds.

“Up to 100,000 people could experience relentless noise for the first time.”

A judicial review against the decision is being launched by four London local authorities affected by the expansion – Wandsworth, Richmond, Hillingdon and Hammersmith and Fulham – in partnership with Greenpeace and mayor Sadiq Khan.

Greenpeace UK executive director John Sauven said: “If ministers don't want to uphold the laws protecting us from toxic fumes and climate change, we're going to ask a court to do that.”

The plans have also been met by pockets of strong opposition within both Labour and the Conservatives.

The plans will create 114,000 extra jobs in the area around the airport by 2030, with an extra 16 million long-haul seats by 2040, according to officials.

Transport secretary Chris Grayling said support for the new runway would set a “clear path to our future as a global nation in the post-Brexit world”.

He said: “This is a really important moment in the history of this house and the history of this country.”

But shadow chancellor John McDonnell, speaking from the Labour backbenches, warned that villages which have existed for 1,000 years will be “wiped off the face of the earth” by Heathrow expansion to enable a company to maximise its profits.

Heathrow said the decision secures a £14bn private investment for the UK – one of the largest private projects in Europe – that will have “major benefits” for the local economy, “stimulating growth and inward investment opportunities”.

It said local businesses, particularly smaller to medium sized enterprises, are also set to benefit from up to 40 new long-haul trading links and double the cargo capacity at an expanded Heathrow.

CEO John Holland-Kaye said: “Parliament has ended 50 years of debate by deciding that Heathrow expansion will go ahead.

“This vote will see us deliver more jobs, create a lasting legacy of skills for future generations and guarantee expansion is delivered responsibility.

“We are grateful that MPs have made the right choice for Britain and today we start work to create the best connected hub airport in the world.”

Heathrow is planning to hold a second public consultation on its plans before submitting a development consent application to the planning inspectorate, kick-starting an 18-month approval process.

It says the consultation will give residents and stakeholders the chance to “influence” the proposal.

If planning permission is given, construction is expected to start in 2021 ahead of the new runway opening in 2026.